Involvement of a novel peroxidase isozyme and lignification in hydathodes in resistance to black rot disease in cabbage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The physiological mechanisms associated with resistance of cabbage to black rot disease seem to be associated with the hydathodes. To investigate the role of hydathodes in disease resistance, total peroxidase activities, anionic peroxidase isozyme expression, and lignin deposition were determined in hydathodes of resistant (Hancock and Green Cup), partially resistant (Cheers), and susceptible (Strukton and Perfect Ball) cabbage varieties (Brassica oleracea L.) during pathogenesis with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Four-week-old plants were petiole-inoculated with a highly virulent strain of X. campestris pv. campestris (FD91L). Hydathodal fluids were collected daily over a 14-day period from infected plants as well as noninfected, mock-inoculated control plants. Hydathodal fluids of resistant varieties had greater peroxidase activity when compared to susceptible ones, with infected plants having higher peroxidase levels than noninfected plants. Isoelectric focusing revealed the presence of four anionic peroxidase isozymes in hydathodal fluids, with the most anionic one (pI of 3.6) accumulating only upon infection. Lignin deposition in and around the hydathodes was associated with the accumulation of this particular isozyme in hydathodal fluids. The evidence suggests that a rapid, systemic response is associated with resistance to the bacterial pathogen.Key words: peroxidases, hydathodes, isozymes, black rot disease, cabbage, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".