Fish Fauna of the River Ravi and Its Some Tributaries with a New Record of Ailia puncata and Clupisoma naziri for Punjab State and Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India
Bibliographic record
Abstract
the river Ravi.Another major tributary that joins the Ravi River just below Bharmour, the old capital of Chamba, is the Seoul River.One more major tributary that joins the river Ravi near Bassohli, Kathua is Sewa River.The main river Ravi flows through the base of Dalhousie hill.Downstream it enters the Punjab plain near Madhopur and Pathankot.On its right bank, is the town of Lakhanpur and Kathua of Jammu Region.In Kathua district, the river Ravi is joined by Kathua Khad, Wajoo nullah, Tarna nullah, Jhandi nullah etc. Ujh River is another major tributary of the river Ravi in Kathua district.Its source is in the Kailash Mountains at an elevation of 14100 feet, close to the Bhaderwah Mountains in Doda district.It joins the river Ravi at Nainkot in Pakistan.Below Pathankot the river Ravi flows along the Indo Pak border for 80 kms before entering Pakistan and joining the river Chenab.Basantar River, draining Samba district of Jammu region, joins the river Ravi in Pakistan.Fishes collected by fishermen by using various methods were purchased, studied for colour patterns, photographed and fixed in 10% formaldehyde.For identification works of [13-21] have been consulted.For the systematic arrangement of the reported fish species, classification referred by [21] has been followed. Observations and DiscussionFish fauna of the river Ravi including earlier reports [1-4] is represented by 97 fish species belonging to 8 orders, 18 families and AbstractFish fauna of the river Ravi and its some tributaries in Chamba district (H.P.) and from Shahpur (H.P.) to Gogga Mahal, Amritsar (Punjab) reported earlier and present survey from Ranjit Sagar dam to Kathour, Pathankot, Punjab, including Kathua district, has revealed the presence of 97 fish species belonging to 8 orders, 18 families and 53 genera.Among various orders, there is dominance of Cypriniformes (54 spp.) followed by Siluriformes (26 species), Percformes (9 species), Synbranchiformes (3 species), Osteoglossiformes (2 species) and Clupeiformes, Salmoniformes and Beloniformes (1 species, each).The list also includes a new record of Ailia punctata and Clupisoma naziri (reported earlier from Pakistan) for Punjab state and Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.Salmo trutta fario noticed in Sewa River is also included in the present list.Like other Indian states, fish fauna is rapidly declining due to overfishing, fishing during monsoon breeding and illegal fishing methods (Dynamiting, electric shocking, poisoning etc.).Conservation status based on IUCN observations has also been discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".