Bibliographic record
Abstract
La concurrence directe des navires à vapeur n 'explique pas toujours le fait qu 'ils remplacèrent les navires à voiles au sein du trafic maritime britannique. L'examen d'une voie de commerce spécifique, entre la Tyne (Angleterre) et la mer Baltique, indique plutôt que le déclin de la voile précéda - au lieu de coïncider avec elle - l'émergence des vraquiers à vapeur des années 1870. Une étude de cas quantitative portant sur trois vaisseaux représentatifs (1854-1872) illustre la nature du recul de la navigation à voile britannique. On y avance que dès le milieu des années 1860, ces navires n 'étaient plus rentables pour différentes raisons : chute des taux de fret du charbon, augmentation des coûts de voyage et impact de la navigation à vapeur sur les autres voies empruntée.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".