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Record W4243357036 · doi:10.11647/obp.0193.22

Land

2020· book-chapter· en· W4243357036 on OpenAlexaff
Navin Ramankutty, Hannah Wittman

Bibliographic record

VenueOpen Book Publishers · 2020
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicAgriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Canadian institutionsAlberta Oil Sands Technology and Research AuthorityUniversity of British Columbia
Fundersnot available
KeywordsGeographyPer capitaLand degradationConsumption (sociology)PopulationBiodiversityNatural resource economicsEnvironmental degradationAgroforestryEnvironmental protectionAgricultureEnvironmental scienceEcologyEconomicsArchaeologySocial scienceBiology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This chapter analyzes past practices of global land use to propose a sustainable model of our relationship to the inhabitable Earth. Our Paleolithic ancestors first used fire to alter forest landscapes, contributing to the extinction of megafauna in the process. In the Neolithic, the invention of agriculture and the domestication of animals led classical commentators such as Plato to take note of soil erosion and soil degradation. The dawn of modernity and the European Age of Discovery, in addition to the genocide of peoples and cultures, has sent land use into overdrive. At the heart of our most recent ‘Green Revolution’ – the exponential increase in food production on a smaller per-capita land surface – lies a paradox. Not only has the application of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides and expanding monocultures caused widespread habitat destruction, degradation and loss of biodiversity, but more than 820 million people remain undernourished, despite this expansion. On the other hand, around 37% of the world population, mainly in the developed world, suffer from obesity as a result of excess calorific consumption, low in nutritional value. These inequalities point to a global imbalance in economic networks of production and consumption.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.271
Threshold uncertainty score0.000

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.002
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0030.003
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.2710.122

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.013
GPT teacher head0.212
Teacher spread0.199 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreOther

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2020
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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