Multi-year isoscapes of lake water balances across a dynamic northern freshwater delta
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sustainable approaches are needed to track status and trends of lake water balances in complex, remote freshwater landscapes. Here we use water isotope composition measured at ~60 lakes and 9 river sites three times during the 2015-2019 ice-free seasons at the internationally recognized Peace-Athabasca Delta (Canada) to characterize temporal and spatial patterns in lake water balances and influential hydrological processes. Calculation of evaporation-to-inflow ratios using a coupled-isotope tracer approach, employment of generalized additive models and geospatial ‘isoscapes’ identified areas vulnerable to mid-summer evaporative lake-level drawdown and areas more resilient due to replenishment by river floodwaters during spring ice-jams and the open-water season. The former largely defines the northern, relic Peace sector whereas the latter typifies the more active floodplain environment of the southern Athabasca sector. Ability to capture the marked temporal and spatial heterogeneity in lake water balances serves as a foundation for ongoing isotope-based hydrological monitoring.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".