Egg size variation as a function of environmental variability in parasitic trematodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Environmental predictability is often assumed to select for variability in egg size or offspring size, since a greater variance in offspring size may insure that, on average, a greater proportion of offspring will survive whatever the conditions experienced. In a comparative analysis across 747 species of parasitic trematodes, we examined the relationship between intraspecific variability in egg size and three predictors of environmental stability: the type of definitive host, the type of habitat in which parasite eggs are released, and latitude. Although trematode species using ectothermic hosts and (or) releasing eggs in terrestrial habitats tended to have more variable egg sizes than species using endothermic hosts and (or) releasing eggs in water, the trend was not significant, even when controlling for phylogenetic influences. Latitude correlated strongly and negatively with variability in egg sizes among trematode species releasing their eggs in terrestrial habitats, whether or not phylogenetic effects were removed. No relationship was found among species releasing their eggs in water. We propose that spatial heterogeneity of the external environment, and not its temporal stability, has played an important role in shaping intraspecific variability in egg sizes in parasitic trematodes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.038 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".