24<sup>th</sup> Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACkGROUND: The C-type lectin CD161 is expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells sharing conserved transcriptional and functional signature.CD4+ T cells with type-17 profiles derived from CD161+ precursors and CD161-expressing CD8+ T cells share the same differentiation profile and include the unique anti-bacterial CD161++ mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT) expressing invariant TCR Vα7.2.During HIV infection, circulating cells harbouring the signature of CD161+ cells are impaired in blood and mucosal compartments.In the female genital tract (FGT), portal of entry for HIV infection, the pattern of CD161 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ subsets and how HIV infection impacts these compartments remain unknown.Here, we explore these questions by characterizing CD161-expressing cells in the FGT of chronically HIVinfected (n=16), HIV-negative newly practising sex work (n=36) and highly HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN) (n=33) female sex workers (FSW) from Nairobi, Kenya.RESULTS: When compared to blood, CD161+CD4+ T cells were enriched in the FGT of HIV-negatives.CD161+CD8+ T cells were also enriched in the FGT of new FSW but not in HESN.Circulating and cervical CD161-expressing cells harboured a more activated profile with tissue-homing properties (CD69, CCR5 and β7) on both CD4+ and CD8+ subsets.The CD161++ subsets included MAIT.Stimulated CD161++ and CD161+CD8+ cells expressed IL-22 at higher frequency than CD161-cells.Expression of IL-17A and IL-22 was enriched in FGT, but independently of CD161 expression in cervical CD4+ cells.CD161++CD8+ T cells were depleted in HIV-positives compared to new FSW in both blood and cervix, but depletion of CD161+CD8+ subset was only observed in cervix.CONCLUSION: Impairment of the IL-17A/IL-22-enriched CD161+ +CD8+ and CD161+ subsets was observed for the first time in the FGT of HIV-infected FSW.Also, the absence of cervical enrichment of CD161+CD8+ cells in HESN agrees with a protective reduction of cervical inflammation.In contrast to blood, CD161 expression did not efficiently describe type-17 CD4+ T cells in the FGT.The FGT unique environment may importantly impact T cells plasticity promoting Th17 differentiation independently of CD161 expression.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.222 | 0.087 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".