Water-soluble, organic fluorophores with powerful electrochemical and photophysical properties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Welcome to my presentation: "Water-Soluble, Organic Fluorophores with Powerful Electrochemical and Photophysical Properties", which is part of the virtual ACS Spring Meeting 2020.In the next couple of minutes, I will share with you the key results obtained during my PhD studies in the group of Prof. Christof Sparr at the University of Basel. Slide 2 (full-screen image):Small-molecule organic fluorophores are extremely fascinating and simply beautiful to look at. Slide 3 (full-screen image):Additionally, they are also very helpful in visualizing and supporting our understanding of the complex interplay of biomolecules.This is a fluorescence microscopy image with three distinct fluorophores: Fluorescein, rhodamine and DAPI. Slide 4:Century-long development led from these simple fluoresceins and rhodamines, quite complexly substituted organic fluorophores with distinct dye properties and diverse colors.This includes unsymmetrically substituted fluorophores such as ATTO 647 which is present as a racemate due to atropisomerism that occurs from the restricted rotation about the single bond.Interestingly, the distinct interactions of the two enantiomers in a biological environment are still unexplored today. Slide 5:Also current dye syntheses still rely on archetypical Baeyer condensation and Bernthsen-type reactions.These often require high reaction temperatures, an additional oxidation step or highly reactive reagents that limit the desired dye diversity.Also, the more modern heteroanthrone addition of organometallic reagents would require multiple steps to readjust and change the substitution pattern on the heterocyclic moiety.Therefore, a transformation of ACS Spring Meeting 2020
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.047 | 0.025 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".