Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic examination of Cajal cells in ureteropelvic junction obstruction
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: We examine the ultrastructural configurations of Cajalcells by electron microscopy, as well as the quantitative changesoccurring in Cajal cells by light microscopy.Methods: In total, 35 patients with ureteropelvic junction (UPJ)obstruction and 7 patients without obstruction were comparedimmunohistochemically with c-kit (CD117) to quantify the numberof cells. On electron microscopic examination, 7 patients with UPJobstruction and 3 patients without obstruction were compared toevaluate the changes which occurred in the ultrastructural configurationof the Cajal cells.Results: On light microscopic examination, it was determined thatthe Cajal cells, which demonstrate c-kit (CD117) immunoreactivecharacter, were located near the circular muscle layer and parallelto the muscle cells. The number of Cajal cells in the control groupwas significantly increased compared to the number of cells inpatients with UPJ obstruction (p < 0.001). On electron microscopicexamination, the number of interstitial cells was also higher in thecontrol group. A decrease in the number of the caveolae in thesecells was seen in the group with UPJ obstruction compared to thecontrol group.Conclusion: In UPJ obstruction, a decrease in the number of Cajalcells, as well as the changes in the morphologic structure of theCajal cells, indicates that these cells have a role in the pacemakersystem and are associated with ureteral peristalsis.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it