A STUDY OF THE ONSET OF NATURAL CONVECTION DURING MELTING OF PCMS IN A CYLINDRICAL ENCLOSURE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The onset of natural convection was studied numerically during melting of n-octadecane and dodecanoic acid within the annular space of a horizontal cylindrical enclosure. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to model the two-dimensional heat transfer process in the system; heating the PCM from the inner surface of the annulus with the outer surface insulated. The inner surface of the enclosure was heated with temperatures corresponding to Stefan numbers of 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4, which caused the PCMs to melt. Melting of the PCMs was simulated in enclosures with inner cylinders having diameters of 6.35 and 25.4 mm, while keeping the outer cylinder diameter constant at 127 mm. For both the PCMs studied, natural convective heat transfer rapidly exceeded initial pure conduction, with onset occurring faster at high Stefan numbers regardless of the diameter of the heating surface. Also, the onset of natural convection was slightly slower in dodecanoic acid compared to n-octadecane.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".