The characteristics of particle charging and deposition during powder coating processes with coarse powder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With coarse polyurethane powder, the characteristics of particle charging and deposition during corona charging processes of powder coating were experimentally investigated by measuring the charge-to-mass ratio (Q/M) and mass-to-surface ratio (M/S) of deposited particles. It was disclosed that the deposited particles present a cone-shaped distribution on the substrate, which is mainly a direct result of the inhomogeneous concentrations of in-flight charged particles, but the edge effect leads to a rise in particle accumulation in the fringe region. It was further disclosed that the particle deposition efficiency not only has a strong dependence on the particle primary charging efficiency but suffers a strong influence from back corona as well. The highest deposition efficiency is a compromise between the primary charging efficiency and the intensity of back corona. In addition, the number of overall deposited particles increases but the deposition rate decreases with spraying duration. On the other hand, it was demonstrated that the secondary charging mechanism dominates the characteristics of the charge-to-mass ratio of local deposited particles, but may suffer some influence from their particle sizes. For this coarse powder, the charge-to-mass ratio distribution presents a concave characteristic. Furthermore, the average charge-to-mass ratio of the overall deposited particles increases with charging voltage, due to the improvement in their charging efficiency, but decreases with spraying duration, due to the intensifying effect of back corona with the growing deposited layer. Significantly, this study provides a deeper insight into the charging and deposition mechanisms during powder coating processes and will be of great help for the improvement in related technologies of corona charging as well.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".