Evolvement of Completion Methods in a High Pressure Fractured CarbonateReservoir: A Case Study
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Abstract
Evolvement of Completion Methods in a High Pressure Fractured Carbonate Reservoir: A Case Study Peng Chen; Peng Chen PetroChina Co. Ltd. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Xi Wang; Xi Wang PetroChina Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Xugang Wang; Xugang Wang PetroChina Co. Ltd. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Junhe xin; Junhe xin Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Yuxiang Wei; Yuxiang Wei PetroChina Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Aijun Zhu; Aijun Zhu Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Yanfeng Wang Yanfeng Wang Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition, Adelaide, Australia, September 2006. Paper Number: SPE-100906-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/100906-MS Published: September 11 2006 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Chen, Peng, Wang, Xi, Wang, Xugang, xin, Junhe, Wei, Yuxiang, Zhu, Aijun, and Yanfeng Wang. "Evolvement of Completion Methods in a High Pressure Fractured Carbonate Reservoir: A Case Study." Paper presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition, Adelaide, Australia, September 2006. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/100906-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition Search Advanced Search AbstractThe wells in the Kenkiak Under-Saltdome (KUS) oilfield in Kazakhstan are difficult to drill and complete due to the complicated geological conditions. Historically, among 42 wells which had been drilled in this area 40 wells were abandoned; only 2 wells are in production. The wells were completed by casing perforation, with low averaged daily rate of production 64 tons per well. After 1997, initially, wells were continuously completed by casing perforation, with averaged daily rate of production around 100 tons per well.In order to enhance the productive rate of wells, two major measures have been taken. On the one hand, search high productive zones; on the other hand, alter the well completion method to meet the new requirement. Openhole completion was introduced for vertical wells in the beginning in the carbonate reservoir and the first trial met with success, daily rate of production was as high as up to 480 tons. Afterwards, the openhole completion method was used for other vertical and high-angle wells, averaged daily rate of production of 6 openhole completed wells are over 300 tons per well.However, with the extension of exploration and development, another four wells completed by open hole were located along the cracked zones. When the wells were put into production, both inner and outer tubing were blocked, which resulted in 4 wells off production.To prevent the wells from tubing blocked during putting into production, as well as to keep the high productivity of the wells, later wells that are not suitable for openhole completion have been completed by punched or slotted liners. The averaged daily rate of production of 8 wells completed by punched or slotted liners are also over 300 tons per well.IntroductionIn general, methods of completion in a carbonate reservoir can be classified into three categories:1,2,3Perforated completions, including casing perforations and liner perforations.Openhole completions.Slotted liner completions.In the Middle East (Saudi Arabia and UAE), liner perforations were used in the deep Permian carbonate Khuff formation where containing H2S and CO2 in downhole fluids.4 In Nevada, both casing and openhole completions were very effective to typical fracture developed porous dolomite and carbonates.5 In Thailand, openhole completion was used leading to a major gas discovery.6In west Texas, a case study revealed that operators often had found many of the wells had severely underperformed as openhole completions. Changing from liner/openhole completions to cemented liner completions was the major change necessary to accomplish a positive step-change in better economic return.7Historically, perforated completions were used in the KUS field with low production. Openhole completionswereafterward employed to increase the productivity. As a result, the yield of oil wells obtained greatly increased. Unfortunately, a few wells with openhole completion incurred both inside and outside tubings blocked when put into production. Liner completions have been put to use for dealing with the problem and gained effective results. Keywords: complex reservoir, Upstream Oil & Gas, Completion Installation and Operations, completion, high pressure fractured carbonate reservoir, high-angle well, pressure difference, carbonate reservoir, perforated completion, productivity Subjects: Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs, Perforating, Carbonate reservoirs, Completion Installation and Operations, Completion Operations This content is only available via PDF. 2006. Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".