Yo Soy Dominicano: Hegemony and Resistance through Baseball

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes [1] Scott Scott, James. 1983. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance, New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press. [Google Scholar], Weapons of the Weak. [2] Scott Scott, James. 1990. Domination and the Arts of Resistance, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar], Domination and the Arts of Resistance. [3] Dorfman and Mattelart Dorfman, Ariel and Mattelart, Armand. 1975. How to Read Donald Duck, New York: International General. [Google Scholar], How to Read Donald Duck; Gitlin Gitlin, Todd. 1979. Prime Time Ideology: The Hegemonic Process of Television. Social Problems, 26(3): 251–66. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], ‘Prime Time Ideology’; Callimanopulos Callimanopulos, D. 1983. Film and the Third World. Cultural Survival, 7(3): 24–7. [Google Scholar], ‘Film and the Third World’; Wells Wells, Alan. 1972. Picture Tube Imperialism: The Impact of U.S. Television on Latin America, Maryknoll, NY: Orbis. [Google Scholar], Picture Tube Imperialism. [4] Gramsci Gramsci, Antonio. 1971. Selections from Prison Notebooks, London: Lawrence and Wisehart. [Google Scholar], Selections from Prison Notebooks. [5] Williams Williams, Raymond. 1977. Television, Technology, and Cultural Form, New York: Schocken. [Google Scholar], Television, Technology and Cultural Form. [6] Hegemony has come to dominate discussions of film (see Pines and Willemen Pines, Jim and Willemen, Paul, eds. 1987. Questions of Third Cinema, London: British Film Institute. [Google Scholar], eds., Questions of Third Cinema; and the journal Critical Studies in Mass Communication), communications (see Gitlin, ‘Prime Time Ideology’ and Schiller Schiller, Herbert. 1971. Mass Communication and the American Empire, Boston, MA: Beacon Books. [Google Scholar], Mass Communication and the American Empire), and culture (see Gans Gans, Herbert. 1974. Popular Culture and High Culture, New York: Basic Books. [Google Scholar], Popular Culture and High Culture; Angus and Jhally Angus, Ian and Sut, Jhally, eds. 1989. Cultural Politics in Contemporary America, New York: Routledge. [Google Scholar], eds, Cultural Politics in Contemporary America; and the journal Cultural Studies). [7] Marx and Engels Marx, Karl and Engels, Friedrich. 1971. The German Ideology, New York: International Publishers. [Google Scholar], The German Ideology, 18. [8] Scott, Weapons of the Weak, 304. [9] Ibid. [10] Genovese Genovese, Eugene. 1974. Roll, Jordan Roll: The World the Slaves Made, New York: Vintage. [Google Scholar], Roll, Jordan, Roll. [11] Scott, Weapons of the Weak, 320. [12] Expressions of ethnic and racial self-loathing can be found in North American society as well: in an effort to appear less ethnic some members of minority groups Americanize their names, undergo plastic surgery, and straighten or lighten their hair. [13] Fanon Fanon, Frantz. 1967. Black Skins, White Masks, New York: Grove Press. [Google Scholar], Black Skins, White Masks, 18. [14] James James, C. L. R. 1984. Beyond a Boundary, New York: Pantheon. [Google Scholar], Beyond a Boundary, 38–9. [15] Spitzer Spitzer, David. 1976. “A Contemporary Political and Socio-Economic History of Haiti and the Dominican Republic”. Berkeley, CA: University of California. [Google Scholar], ‘A Contemporary Political and Socio-economic History of Haiti and the Dominican Republic’, 353–4. [16] Black Black, Jan Kepper. 1986. The Dominican Republic: Politics and Development in an Unsovereign State, Boston: Allen and Unwin. [Google Scholar], The Dominican Republic, 9. [17] Spitzer, ‘Contemporary Political and Socio-economic History’, 350. [18] Wiarda and Kryzanek Wiarda, Howard J. and Kryzanek, Michael. 1982. The Dominican Republic: A Caribbean Crucible, Boulder, CO: Westview. [Google Scholar], The Dominican Republic, 30. [19] Black, The Dominican Republic, 20. [20] Plant Plant, Roger. 1987. Sugar and Modern Slavery: A Tale of Two Countries, London: Zed Books. [Google Scholar], Sugar and Modern Slavery; Cardoso and Faletto Cardoso, Fernando and Faletto, Enzo. 1979. Dependency and Development in Latin America, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar], Dependency and Development in Latin America. [21] Black, The Dominican Republic, 53. [22] Ibid., 9. [23] Within the past decade basketball has grown in popularity in the larger urban areas like Santo Domingo and San Pedro de Macoris, where youngsters play the game in makeshift courts on the street. [24] Sullivan Sullivan, James. “Dispatch of American Minister to the Dominican Republic to Secretary of State Bryan, 1 November 1913, No. 13”, edited by Department of State. Washington, DC: National Archives, 1913. [Google Scholar], ‘Dispatch of American Minister’. [25] Wallace Wallace, Anthony. 1970. Death and Rebirth of the Seneca, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. [Google Scholar], Death and Rebirth; Mooney Mooney, James. 1896. “Ghost Dance Religion and the Sioux Outbreak of 1890”. In 14th Annual Report, Washington, DC: Bureau of American Ethnology. [Google Scholar], ‘Ghost Dance Religion and the Sioux Outbreak of 1890’. [26] Wallace Wallace, Anthony. 1952. “Modal Personality of the Tuscarora Indians”. In Bulletin 150, Washington, DC: Bureau of American Ethnology. [Google Scholar], ‘Modal Personality of the Tuscarora Indians’. [27] Dozier Dozier, Edward. 1970. The Pueblos of North America, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. [Google Scholar], The Pueblos of North America. [28] Eckstein Eckstein, Susan, ed. 1989. Power and Popular Protest, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. [Google Scholar], ed., Power and Popular Protest. [29] Scott, Weapons of the Weak. [30] Hebdige Hebdige, Dick. 1983. Subculture: The Meaning of Style, London: Methuen. [Google Scholar], Subculture. [31] Nash Nash, June. 1989. “Cultural Resistance and Class Consciousness in Bolivian Tin Mining Communities”. In Power and Popular Protest, Edited by: Eckstein, Susan. 182–203. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. [Google Scholar], ‘Cultural Resistance and Class Consciences in Bolivian Tin Mining Communities’. [32] Williams Williams, Raymond. 1977. Marxism and Literature, New York: Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar], Marxism and Literature. [33] Wolf Wolf, Eric. 1972. Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century, New York: Harper and Row. [Google Scholar], Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century; Hobsbawm Hobsbawm, E. J. 1972. Primitive Rebels, New York: W.W. Norton. [Google Scholar], Primitive Rebels. [34] Genovese, Roll, Jordan, Roll, 596. [35] Gluckman Gluckman, Max. 1969. Order and Rebellion in Tribal Africa, London: Cohen. [Google Scholar], Order and Rebellion in Tribal Africa. [36] Eagleton, quoted in Benjamin Benjamin, Walter, ed. 1971. Toward a Revolutionary Criticism, London: Verso. [Google Scholar], ed., Toward a Revolutionary Criticism, 148. [37] Mullin Mullin, Gerald. 1972. Flight and Rebellion: Slave Resistance in the 18th Century, New York: Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar], Flight and Rebellion. [38] Genovese, Roll, Jordan, Roll, 599–612. [39] Callimanopulos, ‘Film and the Third World’; Dorfman Dorfman, Ariel. 1983. The Empire's New Clothes, New York: Pantheon. [Google Scholar], The Empire's New Clothes. [40] Gans Gans, Herbert. 1969. The Urban Villagers: Group and Class in the Life of Italian–Americans, New York: Glencoe. [Google Scholar], The Urban Villagers. [41] Gailey Gailey, Christine. 1990. Rambo in Tonga: Video Film and Cultural Resistance in Tonga. Culture, 9(1): 20–23. [Google Scholar], ‘Rambo in Tonga’. [42] Michael Miner (screenwriter for the film Robocop), personal communication to author. [43] Mosse Mosse, George, ed. 1981. Nazi Culture, New York: Schocken. [Google Scholar], ed., Nazi Culture. [44] Dorfman, The Empire's New Clothes. [45] Wiarda and Kryzanek, The Dominican Republic, 19. [46] I am deeply indebted for the ideas expressed in this section to Calder, The Impact of Intervention. [47] Spitzer, ‘Contemporary Political and Socio-economic History’, 350. [48] Calder Calder, Bruce. 1984. The Impact of Intervention: The Dominican Republic During the U.S. Intervention of 1916–1924, Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. [Google Scholar], Impact of Intervention, xvii. [49] Muto Muto, Paul. 1976. “The Illusory Promise: The Dominican Republic and the Process of Economic Development, 1900–1930”. Washington, DC: University of Washington. [Google Scholar], ‘The Illusory Promise’, 155. [50] Calder, Impact of Intervention, 241. [51] Ibid., 241. [52] Ibid., 195. [53] Vicioso and Alvarez Vicioso, F. and M. Alvarez. Béisbol Dominicano, 1891–1967. Santo Domingo, 1967. [Google Scholar], Beisbol Dominicano, 16. [54] Truly poor people no longer attend games, especially since the cost of tickets has gone up. Nevertheless, those who cannot attend baseball games still manage to follow the sport on radio and television and in the newspapers. [55] Weil et al. Weil, Thomas E., Weil, Thomas, Black, Jan Knippers, Blustein, Howard, Johnston, Kathryn, McMorris, David and Munson, Frederick. 1982. The Dominican Republic: A Country Study, Washington: US Government Printing Office. [Google Scholar], The Dominican Republic, 35. [56] Wiarda and Kryzanek, The Dominican Republic, 45–90. [57] Most countries highlight their own sports, but in the Dominican Republic and Japan it is acknowledged that the United States is pre-eminent at baseball. The American press reports on baseball elsewhere with less respect. By ignoring the curious baseball played at odd times of the year in Latin America, the spring baseball issue of Sports Illustrated unwittingly fosters the impression that the baseball season only ‘really’ begins in the spring. [58] Sports Illustrated, 18 May 1987, 27–28; Boston Globe, 17 July 1988, sec. C, 1. [59] Sports Illustrated, 18 May 1987. [60] Listín Diario, 29 December 1987. [61] Ibid., 10 April 1988. [62] Ibid., 17 April 1988. [63] Ibid., 20 April 1988. [64] Lasch Lasch, Christopher. 1979. The Culture of Narcissism, New York: W.W. Norton. [Google Scholar], The Culture of Narcissism. [65] Listín Diario, 10 April 1988. [66] Ultima Hora, 30 May 1987. The article incorrectly refers to 24 teams rather than 26. [67] Listín Diario, 18 April 1988. [68] Ibid., 22 April 1988. [69] Ibid., 14 April 1988. [70] Ibid., 31 January 1989. [71] Ibid., 24 January 1989. [72] Ibid. [73] Ibid., 26 January 1989. [74] Field interview, 28 January 1989. [75] Listín Diario, 27 January 1989. [76] Toronto Globe and Mail, 23 March 1989. [77] Ibid. [78] The Blue Jays have had problems precisely because they have not set up an infrastructure in their minor league system (for example in Knoxville, Tennessee) to develop their players culturally and psychologically. [79] Toronto Globe and Mail, 23 March 1989. [80] George Bell, quoted in ibid. [81] Toronto Globe and Mail, 23 March 1989.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.