Stratigraphic and structural framework of the Potsdam Group in eastern Ontario, western Quebec, and northern New York State
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The presence of a regional unconformity within the Potsdam Group is an important key to unlocking the geological history of this succession throughout its area of distribution in the Ottawa Embayment and Quebec Basin. The beds below the unconformity (Abbey Dawn and Covey Hill or Ausable formations) are largely of continental origin and up to 600 m thick; they comprise a complex assortment of red and grey quartzite-cobble, quartz-pebble, quartz arenite, and feldspathic arenite deposits of assumed Neoproterozoic to Middle Cambrian age. The Covey Hill and Ausable formations have been further divided into four units of wide distribution beginning with the marine and marginal marine Jericho Member, which is confined to the Quebec Basin bordering the Oka-Beauharnois Arch on the east, and succeeded and overlapped to the west by the mostly eolian and fluvial Hannawa Falls, Chippewa Bay, and Edwardsville members. During and immediately following deposition of these members, the beds were locally faulted, folded, and subjected to a long period of subaerial erosion. Above the regional unconformity are the white and grey Nepean and partly equivalent Cairnside and Keeseville formations (up to 110 m thick) composed of upper Middle and Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician quartz arenite and quartz-pebble conglomerate containing minor evaporite deposits. They were deposited on the floor and margins of a seaway that entered the Ottawa Embayment from the east. Post-Nepean, Cairnside, and Keeseville deformation (faulting and folding) of Potsdam and younger Ordovician strata was widespread throughout the Ottawa Embayment and Quebec Basin, likely triggered by Taconian and Acadian orogenesis and by the much later rifting and breakup of the continents beginning in the Middle to Late Triassic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".