Les élites et le peuple face à l'invasion napoléonienne : pratiques sociales traditionnelles et politique moderne (1808 - 1812)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Richard Hocquellet, The Elites and the People in the Face of Napoleonic Invasion : Traditional Social Practices and Modern Politics (1808 - 1812) The war of Spanish independence contains a political paradox : the chasm between the highly reactionary patriotic response and the proclamation of the liberal Cadiz constitution by the self-same patriots. A careful analysis of the 1808 uprising gives us part of the answer and helps to unravel the paradoxes : behind the initiative setting up the insurgency governments known as the juntas, we find the local élites who needed, however, the backing of the people in order to legitimize their resistance. The development of the press created a public sphere unknown before in Spain. It allowed public opinion to surface. When the means of summoning an assembly of armed patriots were discussed, the debate about the definition of the nation, and hence the way it should be convened, gave the advantage to those in favour of political modernity as expressed in revolutionary France.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".