Bibliographic record
Abstract
Benjamin Disraeli's twelve published novels are all imaginatively autobiographical “psychological romances.” The ambivalences of their heroes’ character and the conflicts of their plots reflect similar tensions in Disraeli's political career. The early novels from Vivian Grey to Venetia focus on issues of self‐definition, reflecting Disraeli's youthful adoption of a Byronic persona and the challenges posed by the pervasive anti‐Semitism he faced. The political trilogy of the 1840s, Coningsby , Sybil , and Tancred , attempts to define a new heroic basis for Conservative politics and introduces the subgenre known as the political novel. Lothair (1870) also reflects Disraeli's views – in particular the threats to the British constitution he believed were posed by the Catholic Church. Endymion (1880), by contrast, seems removed from any sense of controversy. Disraeli's greatest political achievements and fame came during his second term as Prime Minister (1874–80) and consisted of both his government's progressive domestic legislation and the triumphant diplomatic defense of Britain's interests abroad.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.031 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".