Canada - Certain Measures Affecting the Automotive Industry (WT/DS139, WT/DS142): Report of the Panel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PROCEDURAL HISTORY This proceeding has been initiated by two complaining parties, Japan and the European Communities. Consultations In a communication dated 3 July 1998 (WT/DS139/1), Japan requested consultations with Canada in accordance with Article 4 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU), pursuant to Article XXIII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (GATT), Article 8 of the Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs Agreement) (to the extent that Article 8 invokes Article XXIII of GATT 1994), Articles 4 and 30 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement) (to the extent that Article 30 refers to Article XXIII of GATT 1994), and Article XXIII:1 of the General Agreement on Trade and Services (GATS), with respect to certain Canadian measures affecting the automotive industry. Japan and Canada held consultations in Geneva on 27 August 1998, but these consultations did not result in a resolution of the dispute. In a communication dated 17 August 1998 (WT/DS142/1), the European Communities requested consultations with Canada pursuant to Article 4 of the DSU, Article XXIII:1 of GATT 1994, Article 8 of the TRIMs Agreement, Articles 4 and 30 of the SCM Agreement, and Article XXIII:1 of the GATS, concerning certain measures affecting the automotive sector. The European Communities and Canada held consultations on 21 September and 13 November 1998, but these consultations did not result in a resolution of the dispute. On 12 November 1998 Japan (WT/DS139/2) and on 14 January 1999 the European Communities (WT/DS142/2) each requested the establishment of a panel pursuant to Articles 4.7 and 6 of the DSU. Establishment and Composition of the Panel At its meeting on 1 February 1999, the DSB established a Panel pursuant to the requests by Japan and the European Communities. The DSB agreed, pursuant to Article 9.1 of the DSU, that a single panel should examine both complaints. At that meeting, the parties to the dispute agreed that the Panel should have standard terms of reference provided for in Article 7.1 of the DSU.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".