Perspectives of the influence of stigma on care-seeking behavior among ethnic Russians living with HIV/AIDS in Ida-Virumaa, Estonia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since 2001, Estonia has been struggling to contain its explosive HIV epidemic, yet despite years of interventions, adherence to antiretroviral therapy remains between 20% and 40%. The purpose of this research was to examine how HIV stigma is influencing care-seeking behaviour of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Ida-Virumaa County, Estonia. This study identified that HIV stigma presents a serious challenge for PLWHIV. The findings not only identified clear cultural metaphors and stigma of HIV and PLWHIV, but also identified that fear of disclosure of status and discrimination from healthcare providers represent significant barriers to care for PLWHIV. The findings also identified that the combination of HIV stigma, fear of disclosure, discrimination from healthcare providers and certain state policies have fostered an environment of structural discrimination that not only limits PLWHIV in Ida-Virumaa ability to access care, but also pushes them away from the healthcare system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".