Bicycle-Vehicle Interactions at Mid-Sections of Mixed Traffic Streets: Examining Passing Distance and Bicycle Comfort Perception
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research studies relevant factors in mixed traffic that may impact bicycling comfort in Ottawa, Canada.The observations are: [i] the average position of bicyclists from the curb is 0.57m, and lesser (i.e.0.35m) in the presence of parking; [ii] bicyclists ride slightly further from curbs for two lanes in travel direction compared to single lanes; [iii] 90% of passes exceed 1.23m; [iv] lateral spacing between bicycles and vehicles (passing distance, PD) is positively correlated to motor vehicle speed, lane width, and bicyclist position from adjacent curb edge line, whiles inversely correlated to ambient traffic density and bicycle speed; [v] motor speed has the highest prediction of PD variability.Two linear regression models for PD and Comfort perception were developed, both exhibiting limited predictive power similar to Love et al. (2012) and Stewart and McHale (2014).Residual plots and significance of included variables are however indicative of correct model assumptions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".