Races of <i>Puccinia graminis</i> on barley, oat, and wheat in Canada in 2005
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis, is an important disease of cereal crops that is primarily controlled in Canada through cultivar resistance. Surveys of common barley (Hordeum vulgare), common oat (Avena sativa), and common wheat (Triticum aestivum) fields and trap nurseries were conducted to obtain incidence and severity information and to identify changes in virulence structure in the pathogen populations. Stem rust samples were collected in Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Quebec in 2005. Stem rust was not found on cultivated wheat and was at trace levels in barley and oat fields. For the first time since surveys started in 1919, only one race (QFCSC) of P. graminis f. sp. tritici was found on wheat or barley in Canada. Eleven races of P. graminis f. sp. avenae were found in 2005. The predominant races from cultivated oat samples from Saskatchewan and Manitoba were TJJ (33% and 57%, respectively), TGB (39% and 12%), TJG (11% and 21%), and TGD (17% and 6%). The predominant races from wild oat samples from Saskatchewan and Manitoba were TGB (49% and 31%, respectively), TJJ (15% and 30%), TGD (12% and 25%), and TJD (17% and 4%). In Quebec, three races (CDJ, FDJ, and TDD) distinct from those in the Prairie region were found. Additionally, a new race of P. graminis f. sp. avenae (TJS) with virulence on the Pg-a resistance-gene complex and all single-gene differential lines except Pg6, Pg10, Pg11, and Pg16 was detected in Manitoba in 2005
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".