Effects of Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound And Low Level Heat on Bone Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Both Low Intensity Pulsed UltraSound (LIPUS) and low level heat have separately been shown to improve mineralization in bone cell cultures (Unsworth et al 2007, Leon et al 1993). This study examines the effect of concurrent LIPUS and low level heat on MC3T3-E1 bone cell cultures. The treatment groups were: LIPUS, heat, LIPUS + heat, and control. The LIPUS intensity was ISATA=10 mW/cm2 at f=1.5 MHz, and heat was applied at 40ºC for 40 minutes each day over 15 days. The LIPUS + heat group received the treatments concurrently. The groups were compared using Alizarin Red staining to measure the degree of cell mineralization. All treatment groups showed statistically significantly improved mineralization over the control; however, there was no statistical difference between the LIPUS and the LIPUS + heat groups. Early results suggest that concurrent heat and LIPUS on MC3T3-E1 bone cells has no additive effect on mineralization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".