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Record W4249696260 · doi:10.3138/chr.90.1.1

The Copyright Act of 1889: A Canadian Declaration of Independence

2009· article· en· W4249696260 on OpenAlexvenueaboutno aff
Meera Nair

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Historical Review · 2009
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicCanadian Identity and History
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsLegislationLawPoliticsDeclarationHarmony (color)Declaration of independenceCopyright ActIndependence (probability theory)Political scienceGovernment (linguistics)SociologyCopyright lawIntellectual property

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Difficulties stemming from the Imperial Copyright Act of 1842 led to Canada's Copyright Act of 1889. This innovation of the existing model of copyright law was an attempt to enact compulsory licensing, with recompense, of British copyrighted work. However, Canada's legislation was denied royal assent. The British government's desire for harmony with the United States, its conformity to international regulations of the day, and its penchant for uniformity throughout the Empire, took precedence over any legislation designed to meet Canada's particular needs. Sir John Thompson (1845–94) laboured for years to implement a Canadian copyright law that would adhere in principle to international cooperation while respecting the uniqueness of Canada's independent existence – an existence wedged between the geographical proximity of the United States and the cultural affinity to an imperial power. Examining some of the nineteenth-century correspondence pertaining to Canadian copyright makes a complex history much clearer. Embodying the social, technological, economic, geographic, and political elements of a society, the law is as capable of expressing innovative thought as it is of being bound by stagnation.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.720
Threshold uncertainty score0.992

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.026
GPT teacher head0.262
Teacher spread0.236 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations2
Published2009
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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