Hydatid Disease in the Gallbladder: A Rare Location
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydatid cysts, a zoonosis, are endemic to certain geographical regions. These cysts occur most frequently in the liver and lungs. While a hydatid cyst can occur almost anywhere, a primary hydatid cyst of the gallbladder is very rare. A 68-year-old male was admitted to the emergency service with a 2-day history of increasing abdominal pain. The physical examination showed widespread tenderness and guarding, and Murphy’s sign was positive. Following ultrasound examination, the patient underwent surgery with a preliminary diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. A primary hydatid cyst of the gallbladder was detected, and the patient underwent a cholecystectomy. A primary hydatid cyst of the gallbladder has not been diagnosed previously with gallbladder disease; in such a case, there are no cysts at any location other than the gallbladder. This paper presents a rare case to emphasize the difficulty of diagnosing a primary hydatid cyst of the gallbladder preoperatively. J Med Cases. 2016;7(12):522-523 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jmc2501w
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".