Bibliographic record
Abstract
Investigations of multiphysical processes in geomaterials have come to the forefront due to the continuing interests in the application of such theories for solving complex geoenvironmental problems. The topic of geologic disposal of heat-emitting nuclear fuel requires the consideration of the simultaneous influences of mechanical deformations, fluid flow, heat transfer and chemical alterations. Similar processes are encountered in the geologic sequestration of greenhouse gases in fluidized forms, the extraction of geothermal energy from both shallow and deep sources, the fluid pressure-induced influences of faults during slip at a fault or rock fracture, the mechanics of frozen soils, and geomechanical influences of glacial advances. The complete consideration of all possible multiphysical interactions in geomaterials is a daunting task and clearly an unrealistic expectation. For example, the study of thermo-hydro-mechanical effects in geologic media has to consider the mechanics of typical porous skeletons due to elastic, plastic and creep behavior, the fluid transport characteristics of the intact skeleton, and how these processes in turn can be influenced by the mechanical alterations of the porous skeleton and the heat transfer processes. In addition, chemical actions can alter the mechanical, fluid flow and thermal properties of the geological medium. The coupled multiphysical influences can be made more complicated by introducing considerations such as anisotropy, heterogeneity of the porous fabric and non-saturation of the porous medium. Clearly, the consideration of all these processes is formidable when the constitutive functionals and parameters have to be determined experimentally to make the results meaningful for geoscientific applications. The situation becomes even more complex because the interpretation of material data gathered for geoscientific applications can vary from the laboratory miniature specimen scale through the bench scale to the field scale. The prudent approach is to keep the multiphysical interactions to a bare minimum so that the processes that are critical to geoscientific applications can be emphasized. Such an approach requires a great deal of experience and patience. Although this volume largely focuses on geomaterial behavior, the range of applications of the theories of thermo-poroelastic behavior extends beyond the geosciences and can provide useful approaches to modeling problems in diverse areas, from biomechanics, notably the mechanics of bone materials and soft tissues, to industrial processes, involving drying of porous materials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.657 | 0.489 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".