Editorial introductions

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care was launched in 1998. It is one of a successful series of review journals whose unique format is designed to provide a systematic and critical assessment of the literature as presented in the many primary journals. The fields of clinical nutrition and metabolic care are divided into 13 sections that are reviewed once a year. Each section is assigned a Section Editor, a leading authority in the area, who identifies the most important topics at that time. Here we are pleased to introduce the Section Editors for this issue. Editors Philip C. CalderFigure 1Philip Calder is Professor of Nutritional Immunology at the University of Southampton, United Kingdom. He has a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Auckland, New Zealand. He held a Nuffield Medical Fellowship in the Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford from 1987 to 1991. Professor Calder has been studying the influence of dietary fatty acids on aspects on human health, in particular in relation to cardiovascular disease, inflammation and immunity, since 1987. In 1995 he was awarded the Sir David Cuthbertson Medal by the UK Nutrition Society for this work and he was awarded the Belgian Danone Institute Chair for 2004. Professor Calder has served as an elected member of the Council of the UK Nutrition Society (1998–2001) and he has served on the Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Group, Programmes and Publications Committees of that Society. Professor Calder was a founding member of the Nutritional Immunology Group of the British Society of Immunology and served as the Meetings Secretary of the group. He served on the Council and Programmes Committee of the British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and currently serves on the Scientific Committee of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Professor Calder is an elected member of the Board of Directors of the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids. He is Editor-in-Chief of the British Journal of Nutrition and an Associate Editor of Clinical Science and of Lipids. He is a member of the Editorial Boards of Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition Research, Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Journal of Nutrition, and Current Nutrition and Food Science. He is Editor-in-Chief of the Frontiers in Nutritional Science series of books. Professor Calder served on the British Nutrition Foundation's Task Force on “Adverse Reactions to Foods” and on ILSI Europe's “Gut Health and Immunity” PASSCLAIM Task Group. He chaired the ILSI Europe Workshops on “Markers to Assess the Impact of Nutrition on Immune Function in Man” and on “The Impact of Nutrition on Inflammation”, and he was overall chair of the 6th Congress of the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids. Professor Calder has given over 110 plenary, invited or guest lectures at national or international congresses, workshops and symposia. He has published over 125 research papers, over 95 review articles and book chapters, and 18 commentaries. Richard J. DeckelbaumFigure 2Dr Deckelbaum joined Columbia University in 1986 after graduating in medicine at McGill University (MD, CM 1967) and serving for 10 years as an Associate Professor of Pediatrics at Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He was appointed as the Director of the Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition in the Department of Pediatrics and in 1992, he became Director of the Institute of Human Nutrition. Subsequently, he was appointed as Robert R. Williams Professor of Nutrition. Dr Deckelbaum created and promoted a combined medical school program in international health at Ben Gurion University of the Negev (in Israel) in collaboration with Columbia University Medical Center. Dr Deckelbaum has a long professional involvement in basic research in the cell biology of lipids and issues of human nutrition with emphasis on the pediatric population. Dr Deckelbaum's research programs have been supported by the National Institutes of Health, the US Agency for International Development, and industry. His primary interests concern human plasma, lipoproteins, the metabolism of intravenous lipid emulsions, and the cellular and gene regulatory effects of dietary fats and different types of fatty acids. His work has led to basic understanding of mechanisms whereby human lipoproteins are structurally remodeled in the plasma compartment, and factors modulation receptor-lipoprotein interactions. He has published extensively (280 peer-reviewed articles, reviews and book chapters) on the role of basic pathways of cell lipid metabolism and children's nutrition in heart disease. He has chaired two American Heart Association's task forces as well as the March of Dimes Task Force on “Nutrition and Optimal Human Development.” In addition, he has served on a number of national and international advisory boards and committees. Jeffrey I. MechanickFigure 3Dr Mechanick received his MD degree from Mount Sinai School of Medicine in 1985. He then completed his residency in Internal Medicine at the Baylor College of Medicine in 1988. After returning to Mount Sinai to complete his fellowship training in Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition in 1990, Dr Mechanick started his private practice in Manhattan in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Support. Since then, he has become the Director of Metabolic Support and an Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine in the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease at The Mount Sinai Hospital. He continues to care for many patients with diabetes and nutritional disorders, as well as train physicians in endocrinology and nutrition. Dr Mechanick has authored over 80 scientific publications in endocrinology and nutrition. His research interests are in the fields of parenteral nutrition support, chronic critical illness and stress hyperglycemia. He is on the Board of Directors of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and also serves as the Chairman of the AACE Nutrition and Publication Committees. Dr Mechanick is an Associate Editor for Endocrine Practice. In addition, he is currently serving as President of the American Board of Physician Nutrition Specialists. René L. ChioléroFigure 4René L. Chioléro is Professor of Critical Care Medicine in the Department of Surgery at the University hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland. He is the Medical Director of the Department of Adult Intensive Care Medicine and Burn Center. He is a member of the working group on nutrition and metabolism of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. In 2004, he was elected as President of the Educational Committee of the Swiss Society of Intensive Care Medicine. The major focus of Doctor Chioléro's research laboratory is clinical nutrition and metabolic response in the critically ill and burns patients. Current projects are focused on antioxidants, including a randomized controlled study assessing the effects of early supplementation in severely ill patients. In addition, several research projects are devoted to the effects of fish oil and it's derivatives in healthy subjects, challenged with intravenous endotoxin, and in surgical patients after aortic and cardiac surgery or during sepsis. Comparisons between the oral and intravenous routes are currently being investigated. Another line of research is devoted to glucose metabolism using stable isotope and calorimetric techniques. This research is supported by the Swiss National Fund for Research and by numerous grants. Doctor René Chioléro has published over 120 peer-review articles and over 60 chapters and reviews.

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