Development of modified natural zeolites and study of phosphate removal from aqueous solutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lake eutrophication has been an issue in many countries including Canada. Controlling and reducing the level of phosphorus, which is available as a form of phosphate in water, have been studied to manage the lake eutrophication. Natural zeolite-based adsorbents are one of the best candidates for water treatment due to its wide availability, cost-effectiveness, and superior characteristics as an ion exchanger. In this study, the concept of struvite crystallization was employed to develop magnesium-ammonium-modified zeolites (MNZ). Their removal capacity of phosphate was tested with comparison of magnesium-modified zeolites (MZ) based on the design of experiments (DOE) and response surface methodology (RSM). According to RSM, MNZ was found to be more effective in removing phosphates from aqueous solutions up to 92% of removal since MZ was effective up to 46% of removal. Contact time and zeolite dosage were found to be the significant parameters on phosphate removal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".