ENPOLITE: Comparing Lithium-Ion Cells across Energy, Power, Lifetime, and Temperature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lithium-Ion battery lifetimes from cyclic and calendar aging tests of more than 1000 cells were compared employing novel plots termed ENPOLITE (energy-power-lifetime-temperature). Battery cell data from in-house measurements and published data were combined into a uniform database; the total dataset size exceeds 1000 GB. At a glance, ENPOLITE plots inform about the nominal capacity, cell format, cell chemistry, average aging test duration, measurement temperature, specific power employed for testing, energy density, and the achieved lifetime for every cell. A battery lifetime coefficient was derived, allowing the comparison of lithium-ion batteries with different weights or volumes, capacities, and cell chemistries. The combination of multiple parameters in ENPOLITE facilitated a thorough comparison of various batteries' respective lifetimes. In addition to the cell-specific parameters during cycling, the specific stored energy and the storage temperature were depicted in a calendar ENPOLITE-Plot.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".