Characterization of noise in the lightning current derivative signals measured at the CN tower
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Simultaneous measurements of parameters of CN Tower lightning strikes have been performed since 1991. The current derivative signals measured, are corrupted by a 100 kHz oscillating interference. This noise has caused substantial limitations on the usage of the CN Tower lightning current data. As a result, we became motivated to characterize it and search for its source. Furthermore identifying the low-frequency noise is expected to help in its removal and avoid it altogether in future installations. This thesis proves that the low-frequency noise corrupting the lightning current derivative signals is the Loran-C radionavigation signal. This finding is a major contribution not only for the CN Tower lightning project but also for any other research related to measurement of lightning at tall structures. Researchers and experimentalists should be aware of the existence of the Loran-C signal and take the necessary precautions to avoid its interference effect.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it