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Record W4253076394 · doi:10.1063/1.4725717

Focus on photonics and imaging

2006· article· en· W4253076394 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Lawrence G. Rubin

Bibliographic record

VenuePhysics Today · 2006
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicCalibration and Measurement Techniques
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsFocus (optics)PhotonicsOpticsPhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Photomultiplier tube Section:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tube <<Uncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureHamamatsu Corp has introduced the R9110 photomultiplier tube (PMT), which offers high sensitivity and low dark current over a wide spectral range. The 28-mm diameter, side-on PMT has a minimum effective area of 8 mm × 6 mm and a spectral response from the UV to near-IR (185–900 nm). The R9110 has a peak sensitivity at 450 nm, at which wavelength the detector’s multi-alkali photocathode has a radiant sensitivity of 90 mA/W, a luminous sensitivity of 525 µA/lm, and a high quantum efficiency of 24.8%. Dark current is typically 5 nA after 30 min storage. The PMT’s nine electron-multiplier stages yield a maximum gain of 1.9 × 107 electrons per photon, a rise time of 2.2 ns, an electron transit time of 22 ns, and a transit time spread of 1.2 ns. The R9110 is directly interchangeable with the company’s R3896 PMT. Hamamatsu Corporation, 360 Foothill Road, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, http://www.hamamatsu.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-131 Uncooled IR camera moduleSection:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera module <<Teaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureJENOPTIK Laser’s IR-TCM 640 is a new thermographic camera module that provides IR image resolution of 640 × 480 pixels (with an option up to 1.2 megapixels), virtually on a level with that of digital photographs. The uncooled microbolometer module operates in the 7.5–14 µm spectral range and offers an excellent clarity of detail with no perceivable pixel structure. The IR-TCM 640 can handle frame rates up to 60 Hz and records sequences in realtime mode for output to an external image-processing system. The module has been designed as an OEM integration tool with such applications as thermal inspection systems, machine vision environments, property monitoring, and aerial photography and security purposes, including integration in space technology systems and military equipment. JENOPTIK Laser, Optik, Systeme GmbH, Göschwitzer Strasse 25, 07745 Jena, Germany, http://www.jenoptik-los.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-132 Teaching modern interferometry Section:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero... <<Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureTeachSpin has announced the MI1-A, a research-grade interferometry kit designed specifically for advanced student laboratory instruction. It has all the necessary components to create versions of three different types of interferometers—Michelson, Mach-Zehnder, and Sagnac. The kit includes beam-steering mirrors, several translational stages, a motor-driven precision flexure stage, various beamsplitters, polarizers, and optical detectors. For light sources, the MI1-A offers a helium–neon laser, a variable-temperature red diode-laser, a bicolored LED, and a halogen lamp. The unit comes with a custom vibration isolation support system, a collection of samples, a gas cell with a pressure transducer monitor, electro-optical crystals, and a solenoid. TeachSpin Inc, Tri-Main Center, Suite 409, 2495 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, http://www.teachspin.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-133 Ultrafast laser oscillator Section:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato... <<Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureCoherent claims that its Mira HP is the world’s most powerful, commercial ultrafast titanium:sapphire oscillator. It delivers more than 3 W of output power at 800 nm. Designed to be pumped by the company’s V18 Verdi laser, the new source provides higher power across the entire Ti:sapphire tuning curve, with dramatic increases toward the edges at so-called difficult wavelengths. The increase in power is even more significant when the Mira HP is used to pump a synchronous optical parametric oscillator to obtain widely tunable visible and IR wavelengths. The new oscillator includes the company’s Optima control and diagnostics package, X-Wave optics, pump-steering optics for ease of pump alignment, integrated CW alignment cavity, and numerous ultrafast accessories. Coherent Inc, 5100 Patrick Henry Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95054, http://www.coherent.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-134 Ambient light sensor Section:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensor <<Shortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureOsram Opto Semiconductors has produced the SFH 5711, an ambient light sensor that precisely matches the sensitivity curve of the human eye, with a maximum at 560 nm wavelength. The device is suitable for adjusting the brightness of displays and other similar components for optimum readability in the available light. A standard silicon photodetector will produce signals that are much higher for incandescent light bulbs than they are for fluorescent lamps, even though both light sources appear equally bright to the human eye. The SFH 5711 uses a new material system instead of silicon to solve the problem. The sensor consists of a light-detecting photodiode and an integrated circuit that provides amplification, temperature correction, and a logarithmic converter; the converter enables a brightness range of 3 lx to more than 30 000 lx. Osram Opto Semiconductors Inc, 3870 North First Street, San Jose, CA 95134, http://www.osram-os.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-135 Shortwave-IR windowing camera Section:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca... <<White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literature Sensors Unlimited, Goodrich Corporation, has developed the SU640SDWH-1.7RT, a high-frame-rate, high-resolution, shortwave-IR camera. The new indium gallium arsenide instrument has high-speed and regions-of-interest (ROI) windowing capabilities with an SWIR spectral response of 900–1700 nm. The all-solid-state camera features a room temperature 640 × 512 pixel focal plane array on a 25-µm pitch and can capture full-size images at 109 frames per second or image smaller ROI at more than 15 000 fps with a 100% fill factor. The SU640SDWH-1.7RT includes the company’s single 14-bit digital Camera Link–compatible output and a simultaneous analog video output. Sensors Unlimited’s image analysis software provides options for full control of four preset ROI, or windows, or variable windows. Sensors Unlimited, Goodrich Corporation, 3490 Route 1, Building 12, Princeton, NJ 08540-5914, http://www.oss.goodrich.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-136 White LEDs Section:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDs <<FireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureCree Inc has demonstrated a white LED efficacy of 131 lumens per watt—confirmed by NIST—meaning that bright light can be obtained from relatively little power. Tests were performed using prototype devices with the company’s EZBright LED chips operating at 20 mA and a correlated color temperature of 6027 K. Lumens per watt is the standard used by the lighting industry to measure the conversion of electrical energy to light; typically, incandescent light bulbs are in the 10 to 20 lm/W range, while fluorescent lamps vary from 50 to 60 lm/W. Cree’s LEDs combine efficient indium gallium nitride materials with silicon carbide substrates for high-intensity devices that feature low forward voltage, exceptional thinness, low heat generation, and long life. Cree Inc, 4600 Silicon Drive, Durham, NC 27703, http://www.cree.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-137 FireWire EMCCD camera Section:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD camera <<Wideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureQImaging has introduced the Rolera-MGi, a camera that combines electron-multiplying CCD technology—enabling charge to be multiplied before readout—and FireWire connectivity for ultralow light dynamic fluorescence imaging. The new camera incorporates a back-illuminated 512 × 512 pixel EMCCD from e2v Technologies that features a quantum efficiency of better than 90%. It can capture more than 300 frames per second with binning and region-of-interest readout from 1 × 1 pixels up to full resolution. The Rolera-MGi can also be used to acquire high-resolution still images for dynamic ratio imaging, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, and live-cell fluorescent protein imaging. The camera’s FireWire IEEE 1394 interface provides excellent connectivity and portability with laptop computers. QImaging, 4190 Still Creek Drive, Suite 110, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5C 6C6, http://www.qimaging.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-138 Wideband sourcesSection:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sources <<Photonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literature Precision Photonics has announced ultrawideband supercontinuum sources that offer high power and an excellent long-term spectral stability of less than 0.15 dB. They cover a 1200–2000 nm optical spectrum, with a spectral uniformity of less than 13 dB. The high-power version provides an average output power of greater than 25 mW, with an optical power density of −17 dBm/nm; the corresponding figures for the low-power model are greater than 4 mW of output power and a power density of greater than −25 dBm/nm. The sources are based on the company’s 40 MHz repetition-rate, sub-100 femtosecond fiber lasers and use an all-fiber-integrated solution comprising robust telecommunication components and a management scheme that enables nearly transform-limited pulses. Precision Photonics, 3180 Sterling Circle, Boulder, CO 80301, http://www.precisionphotonics.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-139 Photonics-based fluorometerSection:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet... <<High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureThe MultiFrequency Phase Fluorometer from Ocean Optics (developed by TauTheta Instruments LLC) is a frequency-domain monitor for measuring luminescence lifetime, phase, and intensity. Because it uses phase-shift technology, the MFPF is invariant to fiber bending and stray light and generates very little optical and electronic crosstalk. It can be configured with one- or two-channel LED excitation and avalanche photodiode detection with modulation frequencies to 100 kHz; luminescence lifetime measurements are possible from 200 µs to 0.3 µs. The instrument, with a filter-based wavelength selection, can be used with the company’s oxygen sensors to help mitigate index effects, eliminate ambient light, and improve system stability in dissolved oxygen applications. Ocean Optics Inc, 830 Douglas Avenue, Dunedin, FL 34698, http://www.oceanoptics.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-140 High-resolution industrial camera Section:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria... <<Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureAtmel Corp has developed the AViiVA UM8 12K line scan camera that provides an extremely detailed inspection in a multicamera system. The instrument embeds Atmel’s CCD design and process expertise with 12 288 pixels of 5 µm each, eight taps working at 40 MHz, line rates reaching 25 000 lines per second, and higher sensitivity leading to a higher dynamic range (64 dB), even at ultrahigh speed. The AViiVA UM8 is delivered with the company’s Camera Link configuration interface, which includes fine-gain and offset settings, an output mode of 8–12 bits, flat-field correction, and automated balancing of the eight taps. The camera is compatible with the fast and powerful frame grabbers currently available on the market and includes the CommCam graphical user interface with its plug-and-play system. Atmel Corporation, 2325 Orchard Parkway, San Jose, CA 95131, http://www.atmel.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-141 Software for fluorescence modelingSection:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence... <<Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literatureLambda Research Corp is offering new fluorescence modeling capability in its TracePro Expert illumination design software. The package allows users not only to analyze light distribution and scatter, but to import fluorophore data in solution or biological tissue and analyze fluorescence effects at any point in the optomechanical system. An extensive library of commercially available fluorophores, light sources, and optical components, including fluorescence filters, enables the testing of off-the-shelf products. Fluorescence-based optical systems are used in various life-sciences applications that include biosensing, in-vitro and in-vivo medical diagnostics, spectroscopy, microarrays, flow cytometry, and microscopy. Lambda Research Corporation, 25 Porter Road, Littleton, MA 01460-1434, http://www.lambdares.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-142 Target signature analysis systemSection:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis... <<LCD driversNew literatureCedip Infrared Systems, in conjunction with Polytech AB, has introduced the new Flytherm Airborne Target Signature Analysis system to identify and characterize the target signature of threats, regardless of the environment, viewing distance, or relative angular position. Flytherm is a four-axis gimbal system that can host various shortwave-, midwave-, and longwave-IR focal plane array sensors. It combines two or three thermal sensors, collimated along with a visible camera for control purposes, based on user needs. A choice of sensor formats—320 × 256 and 640 × 512 arrays—and lenses can suit different field-of-view and resolution requirements. Flytherm can also host multispectral cameras, including the company’s ORION camera. Cedip Infrared Systems, 19 bd Bidault, F-77183 Croissy Beaubourg, France, http://www.cedip-infrared.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-143 LCD driversSection:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD drivers <<New literatureSTMicroelectronics is entering the fast-growing, large-size, liquid crystal display column driver market. The new integrated circuits will add to the company’s existing line of plasma, small-size LCD, and organic LED displays. ST has signed a licensing agreement to use National Semiconductor Corp’s point-to-point differential signaling display technology to improve visual performance and lower product cost. ST expects that implementing the PPDS process into its drivers will simplify the intrapanel connections and reduce the number of required column driver signals by up to 50%. LCD displays are increasingly being used in flat-screen TVs as earlier plasma-model performance limitations are overcome. STMicroelectronics, 39, Chemin du Champ des Filles, C. P. 21, CH 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.st.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-144 New literatureSection:ChooseTop of pagePhotomultiplier tubeUncooled IR camera moduleTeaching modern interfero...Ultrafast laser oscillato...Ambient light sensorShortwave-IR windowing ca...White LEDsFireWire EMCCD cameraWideband sourcesPhotonics-based fluoromet...High-resolution industria...Software for fluorescence...Target signature analysis...LCD driversNew literature <<Burle Electro-Optics is offering its Channeltron Electron Multiplier Selection Guide, which includes an extensive cross-reference of detectors, instrument manufacturers, and models. The products are available for most existing and newer design mass spectrometer instruments.Burle Electro-Optics Inc, Sturbridge Business Park, P.O. Box 1159, Sturbridge, MA 01566, http://www.burle.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-145 Omega Optical has released a new catalog that includes such products as large format filters up to 210 mm o.d., terrestrial and spaceflight compatible materials, narrow-band and imaging quality designs, and filter sets with matching physical attributes. The company supplied all of the optical filters for the two Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunity, launched in 2003. Shown here is a panorama of the Martian landscape, inset photos of geological targets, and a graphic representation of the filter’s spectra. The panorama, part of a 360-degree view comprising 243 images, was taken over several Martian days by Spirit’s stereoscopic panoramic camera. Each camera’s detector has an eight-position filter wheel that enables narrow-band images in 11 spectral bands. Omega Optical Inc, Delta Campus, Omega Drive, Brattleboro, VT 05301, http://www.omegafilters.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-146 Omega Optical has released a new catalog that includes such products as large format filters up to 210 mm o.d., terrestrial and spaceflight compatible materials, narrow-band and imaging quality designs, and filter sets with matching physical attributes. The company supplied all of the optical filters for the two Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunity, launched in 2003. Shown here is a panorama of the Martian landscape, inset photos of geological targets, and a graphic representation of the filter’s spectra. The panorama, part of a 360-degree view comprising 243 images, was taken over several Martian days by Spirit’s stereoscopic panoramic camera. Each camera’s detector has an eight-position filter wheel that enables narrow-band images in 11 spectral bands. Omega Optical Inc, Delta Campus, Omega Drive, Brattleboro, VT 05301, http://www.omegafilters.com See www.pt.ims.ca/9469-146 © 2006 American Institute of Physics.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.901
Threshold uncertainty score0.229

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.007
GPT teacher head0.197
Teacher spread0.189 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Published2006
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