Bibliographic record
Abstract
Embedded systems are often used to monitor and control various dynamic and complex applications. However, with greater accessibility and added features on many embedded systems, more and more systems are being subject to sophisticated and new types of attacks. As a result, the security aspect of embedded systems has become critical design step. TrustZone has become a popular choice for security design solution in systems where resources such as processing power, battery are limited. In TrustZone, two virtual processors called "secure world" and “normal world” run on the same core in a time sliced manner. These worlds have partitioned hardware and software resources, with different modes of operation, isolated memory regions and interrupts. In this paper, the hardware and software architecture of TrustZone is analyzed from the perspective of embedded system security design. Then a mobile-ticketing system based on TrustZone is presented which incorporates standard cryptographic engineering design practices to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of such system. The ticketing system is then simulated and security threat analysis is performed in terms known vulnerabilities such as Buffer Overflow, Static and dynamic code/data tampering, Return Oriented Programming (ROP) exploits, and Man-in-the middle attacks. After evaluating the analysis results with various open source vulnerability analysis tools, it is conclusive that the system design is an effective solution particularly for embedded systems.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".