Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bruce David Smith was born on 21 September 1954 in St. Paul, Minnesota, and died in Rochester, Minnesota, on 9 July 2002. Smith graduated with a BA in economics from the University of Minnesota in 1977 and obtained his Ph.D. in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1981. Smith’s career began as an assistant professor at Boston College (1981–2). From there he moved to the research department at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (1982–6), which was where his lifelong research interests in monetary history, monetary theory and financial intermediation blossomed among colleagues like Thomas Sargent, Neil Wallace, Ed Prescott, John Boyd and Warren Weber. After visits to Carnegie-Mellon and the University of California at Santa Barbara, he moved to the University of Western Ontario as an associate professor from 1987 to 1990. Smith moved to Cornell University in 1990 and finally to the University of Texas at Austin in 1996, where he was the Fred Hofheinz Regent’s Professor of Economics.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".