Modesty during childbirth : perspectives of immigrant Muslim women in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
According to the Qur'an, modesty, the need to cover one's body, especially in the presence of members of the opposite sex, is an important principle for all Muslims. Maintaining modesty becomes a significant issue, especially for immigrant Muslim women when they experience childbirth in a country, such as Canada, where health care professionals who specialize in obstetrics and gynecology can be both women and men. The purpose of this study was to understand Muslim women's ideas toward maintaining modesty in the specific context of childbirth. I used a qualitative inquiry approach to conduct interviews with four immigrant Muslim women who experienced childbirth at different hospitals in the Greater Toronto Area. The findings showed that while the views of participants towards modesty sometimes differed, their views toward modesty in the specific context of childbirth were similar, in that they all wanted to be cared for by exclusively female health care professionals and they all wanted to have their bodies covered as much as possible, for as long as possible (during their childbirth experiences) and as soon as possible (after delivery) to ensure minimal exposure. Recommendations are provided to improve care of Muslim women undergoing childbirth at hospitals in the Greater Toronto Area.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.026 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".