Granuloma Gluteale Adultorum Associated with Use of Topical Benzocaine Preparations: Case Report and Literature Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Granuloma gluteale infantum is a skin disorder of controversial etiology manifested clinically by oval reddish-purple granulomatous nodules on the gluteal surfaces and groin areas of infants. Similar granulomas are noted in adults and the elderly and are referred to as granuloma gluteale adultorum and diaper area granuloma of the aged, respectively. Occlusion from diapers, paper napkins, plastic pants, detergents, starch, powder, halogenated steroids, candidal infection, and urine and feces are postulated as possible etiologies. Objective: We report a case of a 40-year-old woman presenting with a 3-year history of multiple, painful, closely set, red-purple, oval, smooth, firm papules and nodules in the genitocrural area. The development of the lesions was associated with prolonged use of topical benzocaine. Histology of the lesions was consistent with granuloma gluteale infantum. Gram stain and culture of representative tissue did not demonstrate bacterial or fungal organisms. The lesions significantly improved with discontinuation of topical benzocaine. Patch testing of skin to determine allergic contact hypersensitivity to benzocaine was negative. Conclusion: We propose that topical benzocaine preparations may play a role in the pathogenesis of granuloma gluteale adultorum, independent of contact sensitization to benzocaine.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".