Hemoglobin concentration on admission influences the rate of inhospital 30-day mortality and complications in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective analysis of 660 Chinese patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To determine the association between hemoglobin concentrations on admission and inhospital 30-day cardiac mortality and complications among patients with acute myocardial infarction during their hospital course. We conducted a retrospective study of data on 660 Chinese patients who were hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction. Patients were categorized according to the hemoglobin concentration on admission, and data were evaluated to determine whether there was an association between the hemoglobin concentrations on admission and inhospital 30-day mortality and complications. Complications were defined as cardiogenic shock, congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation and pneumonia. Patients with hemoglobin values between 140 and 159 g/l were used as the reference; cardiovascular mortality increased as hemoglobin levels fell below 140 g/l or rose ≥ 160 g/l. The inhospital 30-day mortality was 25.0% in patients with hemoglobin concentrations <100 g/l, 20.4% in patients with hemoglobin concentrations of 100–119 g/l, 10.6% in patients with hemoglobin concentrations of 120–139 g/l, 4.3% in patients with hemoglobin concentrations of 140–159 g/l, and 8.5% in patients with hemoglobin concentrations of 160 g/l or greater. The increase in risk of complications associated with a low hemoglobin concentration was more pronounced in patients with anemia than in patients without. Compared with patients with hemoglobin concentrations of 140–159 g/l, those with hemoglobin concentrations <140 g/l had more inhospital complications and those with hemoglobin concentrations ≥ 160 g/l also had more arrhythmia and pneumonia ( P < 0.001, respectively). As expected, a significant inverse correlation between hemoglobin concentrations and ages ( r = -0.51; P < 0.001) was observed, and a significant positive correlation between hemoglobin concentrations and albumin concentrations and in the patients with acute myocardial infarction. It is demonstrated in this study that a reverse J-shaped relationship between baseline hemoglobin values and major adverse cardiovascular events is observed in patients with acute myocardial infarction. There is a greater incidence of patients with a hemoglobin concentration on admission in the elderly population than that in the younger one.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".