A 3 GHz CMOS quadrature oscillator using active superharmonic coupling
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 3 GHz quadrature oscillator has been designed, fabricated, and measured using CMOS 0.18 mum technology. The oscillator uses an active superharmonic coupling technique to generate the quadrature signals. By using two identical LC differential oscillators with a 180deg relationship enforced between the second-order harmonics that are present at the common- mode nodes, quadrature outputs are obtained at the fundamental frequency. Quadrature oscillations were achieved at 3.0 GHz with a measured output power of -6 dBm. The phase error in the fundamental quadrature outputs is less than 6deg and the power consumption for the core of the oscillator is 7.5 mW. The phase noise performance is -116 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz offset and the figure of merit is -177 dBc/Hz. The layout for this circuit is very compact at 650 mum times 500 mum.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it