Preventive Dentistry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: To perform a systematic review to assess current evidence for association between various risk factors and the prevalence or incidence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) .Case reports: Two reviewers searched various databases till January 2019 to identify studies.Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to perform risk of bias assessment.The included studies were categorized based on income according to World Bank classification.Data were summarized in a meta-analysis using fixed and random-effects inverse generic meta-analyses.From 7034 screened records, 89 studies evaluating a total of 1,352,097 individuals were included.Twenty-three were of high, 46 of moderate, and 20 of low quality.A total of 123 risk factors were found.Metaanalysis revealed that the strongest risk factors found in the high-income countries were presence of dentinal caries (dmft 0) [OR 4.21(2.18-8.16)]and high levels of mutans streptococci [OR 3.83 (1.81-8.09)].In the upper-middle-income countries, presence of enamel defects [OR 14.62 (6.10-35.03)]was found to be the strongest risk factor.No studies were found in the lower-middle income and lower income categories respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.020 | 0.080 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.011 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.080 | 0.018 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".