PROCESS FOR THE COMPLETE UTILIZATION OF OIL SANDS FLY ASH
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractAbstractThe fly ash produced by oil sands operations in northern Alberta represents a large, high grade, potential resource for vanadium production in Canada. After extensive batch testing, a conceptual process flow sheet for the recovery of vanadium from oil sands fly ash was developed. The various unit operations for this process, including decarbonization, roasting, leaching, desilication, precipitation, salt recovery and by-product recovery, are described. Processes for the recovery of molybdenum and HCl, CaCl2 or NH4Cl from waste streams from this process are proposed as are potential markets for the ash residue as an additive in glass manufacture or as road fill. These by-products represent significant potential sources of secondary revenue while reducing the environmental impact from the process. A preliminary economic analysis for vanadium recovery from oil sands fly ash using this process is included and the economic viability of the process is discussed. Les cendres volantes produites par les exploitations de sables bitumineux au nord de l'Alberta représentent une ressource potentielle importante à haute teneur pour la production de vanadium au Canada. Après des essais en vrac extensifs à l'Université de l'Alberta, on a développé un schéma de procédé conceptuel pour la récupération du vanadium à partir des cendres volantes des sables bitumineux. On décrit les diverses unités d'opération de ce procédé, incluant la décarbonisation, la calcination, la lixiviation, la désilicification, la précipitation, la récupération de sel et la récupération des sous-produits. On propose des procédés pour la récupération du molybdène et du HCl, du CaCl2 ou du NH4Cl à partir des courants de rejet de ce procédé, ainsi que des marchés potentiels pour le résidu de cendre comme additif dans la fabrication du verre ou comme remplissage de chemin. Ces sous-produits représentent des sources potentielles importantes de revenu secondaire tout en réduisant l'impact environnemental du procédé. On inclut une analyse économique préliminaire de la récupération du vanadium à partir des cendres volantes des sables bitumineux utilisant ce procédé et l'on discute de sa viabilité économique.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".