Lipid class and nonesterified fatty acid profiles in plasma of North Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Metabolic energy status is a critical metric for the evaluation of fish condition and health. Thus, we (i) conducted comprehensive and comparative measurements of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and other plasma lipids in fed and food-deprived (10 weeks) Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and (ii) compared three common methods for measuring total plasma NEFAs (Folch extraction/Iatroscan, Wako®enzymatic, and acetyl chloride extraction/GC). Plasma total lipid, phospholipid, triacylglycerol, and NEFA levels were 83%95% lower in food-deprived fish. In contrast, the concentration of a previously unidentified lipid class (ethyl ketone) was only 60% lower and was in fact almost threefold higher when expressed as a percentage of total lipid. Considerable differences in the NEFA profile were also observed, for example, 22:1ω11 (dominant NEFA in fed fish) was not detected, 20:1ω9 was 97% lower, and monounsaturated fatty acids were selectively reduced. Importantly, the acetyl chloride/GC method resulted in an eightfold overestimation of NEFA in fed fish. These results (i) suggest that plasma lipids reflect the energetic/nutritional status of wild gadids and can be used to monitor their responses to changing environmental conditions and (ii) caution against using the acetyl chloride/GC method of NEFA measurement without prior separation of plasma lipids by solid-phase chromatography.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".