Templated folding of the RTX domain of the bacterial toxin adenylate cyclase revealed by single molecule force spectroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The RTX (repeats-in-toxin) domain of the bacterial toxin adenylate cyclase (CyaA) contains five RTX blocks (RTX-i to RTX-v) and its folding is essential for CyaA’s functions. It was shown that the C-terminal capping structure of RTX-v is critical for the whole RTX to fold. However, it is unknown how the folding signal transmits within the RTX domain. Here we use optical tweezers to investigate the interplay between the folding of RTX-iv and RTX-v. Our results show that RTX-iv alone is disordered, but folds into a Ca 2+ -loaded-β-roll structure in the presence of a folded RTX-v. Folding trajectories of RTX-iv-v reveal that the folding of RTX-iv is strictly conditional upon the folding of RTX-v, suggesting that the folding of RTX-iv is templated by RTX-v. This templating effect allows RTX-iv to fold rapidly, and provides significant mutual stabilization. Our study reveals a possible mechanism for transmitting the folding signal within the RTX domain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".