Efeito da medicação antiparkisoniana nos parâmetros espaço-temporais da marcha de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson: comparação entre indivíduos com e sem congelamento de marcha
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to analyze the effect of antiparkinsonian medication on spatiotemporal gait parameters of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), comparing individuals with and without freezing of gait (FoG), considering possible clinical differences between them.Twenty-two individuals with PD composed one of two groups, with FoG (FoG+, n = 11) or without FoG (FoG-, n = 11).Spatiotemporal gait parameters were analyzed in two experimental sessions: one in the ON medication state (1 h after ingestion), and another in the OFF medication state (~12 h after the last medication ingestion), with order alternated intra-group.In each session, the following assessment scales were applied: part II and III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS II and UPDRS-III), Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y), Montreal Cognitive Assessment questionnaire (MoCA) and Mini-Test scale of de Balance Assessment System (Mini-BESTest).Clinical scales were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test for intragroup comparisons (medication effect), and Mann-Whitney U test for intergroup comparisons (FoG effect).Linear mixed effect models 2 (group: FoG+ X FoG-) X 2 (condition: ON X OFF) were used to investigate whether the results of spatiotemporal parameters differed between groups (FoG+ and FoG-) and medication (ON and OFF), controlling (Model 2)or not (Model 1) for differences between groups in demographic characteristics, clinical scales (UPDRS-III, H&Y), disease duration, and medication dosage.In both statistical models, results showed that displacement speed, stride and step length were significantly higher in the ON than in the OFF condition, for both FoG+ and FoG-groups, and significantly lower in the FoG+ than in the FoG-group, regardless of the medication state.These results indicate that medication improved equivalently gait performance in the groups with and without freezing of gait.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".