Age of Information-Limited Capacity of Uncoordinated Massive Access Using Massive MIMO
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We derive an achievability bound in an uplink setting where N single-antenna devices, of which a random subset of K<inf>a</inf> users are active in each transmission period, attempt to update a base-station (BS), equipped with M antennas, with their status packets. Motivated by emerging applications of massive connectivity we consider the asymptotic scenario where both the total number of users and the number of antennas at the BS grow large at a fixed ratio $\zeta = \frac{M}{N}$. Under maximal-ratio combining and perfect channel state information at the receiver, we find that the achievable rate approaches ${\log _2}\left( {1 + \frac{M}{{{K_a}}}} \right)$ in the large system limit. We explore the trade-offs between this achievable rate and the freshness of the status packets using the age of information (AoI) metric. In the limiting regime, we find that the penalty one pays for increasing the data rate is a rise in the minimum AoI obtainable. Finally, we compare recent massive unsourced random access (URA) schemes against the newly established bound.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it