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Record W4280639420 · doi:10.16995/dscn.8097

Style and Rhetoric of Spanish Politics on Twitter

2022· article· en· W4280639420 on OpenAlex
Vanessa Ceia, Thyago Mota, Rhian Lewis

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.

Bibliographic record

VenueDigital Studies / Le champ numérique · 2022
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicSocial Media and Politics
Canadian institutionsMcGill University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsRhetorical questionIdeologyRhetoricPoliticsStyle (visual arts)FeminismContext (archaeology)Sentiment analysisSociologyPolitical scienceLinguisticsGender studiesLawComputer scienceArtificial intelligenceHistory

Abstract

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This article studies the communication strategies used in campaign messaging on Twitter by Spanish political parties during Spain’s 2019 General Elections in order to gauge whether a quantifiable relationship can be established between the style and rhetoric of a party’s Twitter speech, political platform, and political ideology. The analysis focuses on the discursive and rhetorical tactics that surround the parties’ engagement with issues of gender and feminism, particularly pressing concerns during this election cycle due to increased attention to gender-based violence and the organizing of feminist strikes in March 2019. In response to methodological questions surrounding the study of online speech, the study uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to evaluate word choice, positive and negative sentiment, and use of platform infrastructure such as hashtags. Applying Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, the article examines word frequency, co-occurrence of qualified nouns, and sentiment analyses of tweets published by the five largest political parties in Spain between March 1 and May 15, 2019. Based on topic modelling, this corpus of tweets was then narrowed to those concerning gender and feminism and a close reading was conducted in order to locate the tweet’s ideological and discursive messaging within Spain’s sociopolitical context. Although word frequency analysis demonstrated that gender remained a concern for all five parties, noun co-occurrence and sentiment analysis revealed significant differences in how all parties engaged with gender as a political issue via their choices in rhetoric and style, which were linked to their platform and ideology via quantifiable measurements and qualitative close readings. As such, the study is able to conclude that using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods enables researchers to draw nuanced and contextualized connections between the rhetoric and style of online political speech and the position of a political party on a given issue.Cet article étudie les stratégies de communicationemployées dans les messages publiés sur Twitter par les partis politiques espagnols durant les Élections générales espagnoles de l’année 2019 afin d’estimer si une relation quantifiable peut être établie entre le style et rhétorique d’un discours sur Twitter, d’un programme politique et d’une idéologie politique d’un parti. L’analyse est axée sur les tactiques discursives et rhétoriques qui sont autour de l’engagement des partis avec des questions du genre et du féminisme, étant des préoccupations particulièrement importantes pendant ce cycle d’élection à cause de l’attention augmentée à la violence liée au genre, ainsi qu’à l’organisation des grèves féministes en mars 2019. Considérant des questions méthodologiques concernant l’analyse du discours su rInternet, cette étude se sert d’une combinaison de méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives pour évaluer le choix des mots, l’opinion positive et négative et l’usage de l’infrastructure de plateforme, tel que les hashtags. En appliquant les techniques du Traitement automatique du langage naturel (TALN), cet article examine la fréquence de mots, la concomitance de noms qualifiés et les analyses de sentiments de tweets publiés par les cinq plus grands partis politiques en Espagne entre le 1ermars et le 15 mai 2019. Basé sur une modélisation de thèmes, ce corpus de tweets a ensuite été limité aux tweets concernant le genre et le féminisme. Une lecture attentive a ensuite été réalisée dans le but d’identifier les messages idéologiques et discursifs des tweets dans le contexte sociopolitique espagnol. Bien que l’analyse de la fréquence de mots ait démontré que le genre demeurait préoccupant pour tous les cinq partis, la concomitance de noms et l’analyse de sentiments ont révélé des différences significatives dans la façon dont les partis traitaient le genre comme question politique à travers leurs choix de style et de rhétorique, qui ont été liés à leur plateforme et à leur idéologie par le biais de mesures quantifiables et de lectures attentives qualitatives. Cette étude peut ainsi montrer que l’usage d’une combinaison de méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives permet aux chercheurs d’établir des liens nuancés et contextualisés entre le style et rhétorique du discours politique en ligne, ainsi que la position d’un parti politique en ce qui concerne une question donnée.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.209
Threshold uncertainty score0.525

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.044
GPT teacher head0.315
Teacher spread0.271 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it