Kozłowskiite, ideally Ca<sub>4</sub>Fe<sup>2+</sup>Sn<sub>3</sub>(Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>OH)<sub>2</sub>, a new kristiansenite-type mineral from Szklarska Poręba, Lower Silesia, Poland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Kozłowskiite, ideally Ca 4 (Fe 2+ Sn 3 )(Si 2 O 7 ) 2 (Si 2 O 6 OH) 2 , is a new mineral isostructural with kristiansenite and silesiaite, found as a band in the core of a zoned silesiaite–kristiansenite crystal from the granitic pegmatite at Szklarska Poręba, Lower Silesia, Poland. In tiny pieces kozłowskiite is pale brownish, with a calculated density of 3.775 g⋅cm –3 and a mean refractive index ~1.727. The triclinic crystal structure was determined with space-group symmetry C 1: a = 10.0183(2), b = 8.3861(1), c = 13.3395(2) Å, α = 89.956(1), β = 109.039(2), γ = 89.979(1)° and V = 1059.40(3) Å 3 , although, similarly to kristiansenite, it is metrically monoclinic (Laue group 2/ m ) with α and γ angles equal to 90° and a = 10.0170(3), b = 8.3860(2), c = 13.3421(4) Å, β = 109.050(3)° and V = 1059.40(5) Å 3 . The seven strongest reflections in the calculated powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [d in Å ( I ) hkl ]: 5.190 (73.2) 111, 1 $\bar{1}$ 1; 4.569 (30.0) $\bar{2}$ 02; 3.153 (64.7) 004; 3.094 (28.1) $\bar{3}$ 11, $\bar{3}\bar{1}$ 1; 3.089 (100) $\bar{2}\bar{2}$ 2, $\bar{2}$ 22; 2.595 (27.2) 2 $\bar{2}$ 2, 222; and 2.141 (30.6) $\bar{3}$ 31, $\bar{3}\bar{3}$ 1. Electron microprobe analysis gave (in wt.%) SiO 2 39.46, ZrO 2 0.35, SnO 2 31.13, Al 2 O 3 0.35, Sc 2 O 3 2.65, total Fe as Fe 2 O 3 5.06 (= Fe 2 O 3calc. 2.26; FeO calc. 2.52), MnO 0.71, CaO 18.42 and H 2 O calc. 1.48, sum 99.33. The empirical formula on the basis of 26O + 2(OH) and 16 cations ( Z = 2) is Ca 4.00 (Sn 2.52 Sc 0.47 Fe 2+ 0.43 Fe 3+ 0.34 Mn 2+ 0.12 Al 0.08 Zr 0.03 ) Σ4.00 (Si 2.00 O 7 ) 2 (Si 2.00 O 6 OH) 2 . The crystal structure of kozłowskiite was refined to an R 1 = 2.12% for 4887 reflections with I o>2σ I . The Ca and Si sites are occupied solely by Ca and Si, respectively, and three of four M sites: M 2, M 3 and M 4, are dominated by Sn. Four hydrogen atoms present in the kozłowskiite unit cell are shared among the O17–O27 and O47–O37 oxygen atoms where O17 and O47 are OH groups forming relatively strong hydrogen bonds.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".