Finite element modelling of helical pile installation and its influence on uplift capacity in strain softening clay
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of helical pile installation in undrained softening clay using a coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) finite element modelling approach. A previously published strain softening soil constitutive model was used to evaluate soil disturbance. The influence of two key strain softening parameters was considered to assess installation-induced soil disturbance. The CEL-predicted remoulded soil strength field was then imported into a finite element limit analysis (FELA) to evaluate the subsequent influence on uplift capacity. The CEL results showed that helical pile installation caused a significantly disturbed zone of soil that measured approximately 1.4 helix diameters in plan and extended the full length of the pile. When the disturbed soil strength field was imported into FELA calculation, it was found that the solutions reported in previous literature had significantly overestimated the ultimate uplift capacity for softening clay. The numerical output informed the development of a new closed-form analytical approach to predict uplift capacity considering the influence of the installation process. The design method was shown to provide a high-fidelity representation of the numerical results.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it