Effects of Asymptomatic Infections on the Spatial Spread of Infectious Diseases
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Asymptomatic infection and transmission are common for quite a few directly or indirectly transmitted diseases such as COVID-19, cholera, and Zika fever. In this paper, we propose a susceptible-infective-asymptomatic-recovered patch model to address the influence of asymptomatic infections on the spatial spread of infectious diseases. The multipatch basic reproduction number ${\mathcal{R}}_0$ of the model is defined and shown to be a threshold quantity for disease eradication and persistence. Namely, the disease disappears if ${\mathcal{R}}_0\le1$ whereas it spreads otherwise. The monotonicity of ${\mathcal{R}}_0$ with respect to the dispersal rates of the symptomatic and asymptomatic populations is investigated. In particular, for the two-patch case, ${\mathcal{R}}_0$ is either strictly decreasing or strictly increasing or constant in terms of dispersal rates. However, nonmonotonic dependence can occur with movement between three or more patches. The asymptotic profiles of the endemic equilibrium (when it exists) as one or all dispersal rates approach zero or infinity are studied. Interestingly, an increase in infectious dispersal may decrease ${\mathcal{R}}_0$ but increase the number of nonsusceptible individuals. Analytical and numerical results confirm that ignoring asymptomatic carriers not only significantly underestimates the infection risk but also impairs the efficacy of travel restrictions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it