Long‐Term Operation of Nb‐Coated Stainless Steel Bipolar Plates for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is the most promising technology for green hydrogen production using renewable electricity, but it is expensive due to the Ti bipolar plates (BPPs). Herein, a PEMWE stack with coated stainless steel (ss) BPPs (Nb/Ti/ss‐BPP and Nb/ss‐BPP) is reported, which operates for about 14 000 h at 1.63 ± 0.12 A cm −2 and 65 °C. The average degradation rate is as low as 1.2% or 5.5 μV h −1 . Scanning electrode microcopy reveals no signs of corrosion of the ss beneath the coatings. The interfacial contact resistance increases due to the formation of poorly conductive amorphous Nb oxides, as shown by atomic force microscopy and X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy, although it does not affect the cell performance. The results prove that Ti is not needed anymore as base material for manufacturing the BPPs, thus the cost of PEMWE can be significantly reduced.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it