Analysis of the Expression and Subcellular Distribution of eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 mRNAs during Neurodevelopment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Neurodevelopment is accompanied by a precise change in the expression of the translation elongation factor 1A variants from eEF1A1 to eEF1A2. These are paralogue genes that encode 92% identical proteins in mammals. The switch in the expression of eEF1A variants has been well studied in mouse motor neurons, which solely express eEF1A2 by four weeks of postnatal development. However, changes in the subcellular localization of eEF1A variants during neurodevelopment have not been studied in detail in other neuronal types because antibodies lack perfect specificity, and immunofluorescence has a low sensitivity. In hippocampal neurons, eEF1A is related to synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation, and decreased eEF1A expression is observed in the hippocampus of Alzheimer’s patients. However, the specific variant involved in these functions is unknown. To distinguish eEF1A1 from eEF1A2 expression, we have designed single-molecule fluorescence in-situ hybridization probes to detect either eEF1A1 or eEF1A2 mRNAs in cultured primary hippocampal neurons and brain tissues. We have developed a computational framework, ARLIN (analysis of RNA localization in neurons), to analyze and compare the subcellular distribution of eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 mRNAs at specific developmental stages and in mature neurons. We found that eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 mRNAs differ in expression and subcellular localization over neurodevelopment, and eEF1A1 mRNAs localize in dendrites and synapses during dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis. Interestingly, mature hippocampal neurons coexpress both variant mRNAs, and eEF1A1 remains the predominant variant in dendrites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".