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A Data-Driven Approach in an Unbiased Sample Reveals Equivalent Sex Ratio of Autism Spectrum Disorder–Associated Impairment in Early Childhood

2022· article· en· W4281651821 on OpenAlexafffund
Catherine A. Burrows, Rebecca Grzadzinski, Kevin Donovan, Isabella Stallworthy, Joshua Rutsohn, Tanya St. John, Natasha Marrus, Julia Parish‐Morris, Leigh MacIntyre, Jacqueline Hampton, Juhi Pandey, Mark D. Shen, Kelly N. Botteron, Annette Estes, Stephen R. Dager, Heather C. Hazlett, John R. Pruett, Robert T. Schultz, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum, Kinh Truong, Joseph Piven, Jed T. Elison

Bibliographic record

VenueBiological Psychiatry · 2022
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldNeuroscience
TopicAutism Spectrum Disorder Research
Canadian institutionsUniversity of AlbertaMcGill UniversityMontreal Neurological Institute and Hospital
FundersNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin DiseasesNational Institute of Mental HealthUniversity of North Carolina WilmingtonNational Institutes of HealthYork UniversityJohns Hopkins UniversitySimons FoundationUniversity of MinnesotaAutism SpeaksChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaUniversity of AlbertaUniversity of WashingtonEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentWashington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
KeywordsAutism spectrum disorderAutismPsychologyDevelopmental psychologyGeneralized estimating equationClinical psychologyStatistics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.

No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.014
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0020.001
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.079
GPT teacher head0.324
Teacher spread0.245 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations56
Published2022
Admission routes2
Has abstractno

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