Analysis of Wet Antenna Losses on 11.843 GHz Slant Path in Nigeria and Comparison with Some Tropical Climates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The amount of water deposits on the receiving dish antenna can cause additional losses and consequently contaminate the actual slant-path attenuation. Only a few research works have been reported in the literature on the measurement of wet antenna attenuation (WAA) and the technique(s) of extracting the losses from the total attenuation in tropical and equatorial climates, characterized with heavy rainfall intensities of convective kind. Therefore, the adverse effects of antenna losses due to rain on a 11. 843 GHz satellite link and the methodology of extracting the losses from the measured rain-induced attenuation have been reported in this article. A vertically polarized parabolic dish with diameter and elevation of 0.3 m and 420, respectively have been used in the study. The measured results at 11.843 GHz were frequency-scaled in order to obtain their equivalents at 18.585 and 20.2 GHz; and then compared with those reported from Malaysia and Canada. The study will provide useful information in the planning and designing of an efficient and reliable Earth-satellite communication link in tropical climates. The experimental results also can further enrich the ITU-R databank.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".