Bibliographic record
Abstract
Security concerns about housing German prisoners in the United Kingdom led to their wholesale removal to Canada between 1940 and 1944—so that the dominant narrative is of Canadian captivity until the war in NW Europe saw Germans being brought to the UK in large numbers. This chapter charts the incarceration of the so-called ‘fur trappers’ in camps across several Canadian provinces and how the dominion authorities met their responsibilities as a detaining power. This includes an assessment of Canadian views on carrying out Churchill’s reciprocal shackling of prisoners 1942‒3, the economic value of the prisoners, and the attempts made to re-educate them. Although far from home, this did not deter some determined individuals from trying to escape to the (then neutral) United States with one man making it all the way back to Germany via South America. Even after December 1941, escapes remained a common occurrence—more to inconvenience their captors than with any realistic chance of success. The chapter also discusses German and Italian prisoners in the continental United States.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".